Sports medicine focuses on the management and prevention of injuries that may occur during physical activity, exercise, or sports. Injuries may result from accidents, insufficient preparation or stretching, overtraining, or incorrect use of protective equipment. Common injuries include sprains, strains, fractures, and dislocations.
Immediate first aid typically involves the RICE method — Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation:
- Rest: Refrain from activities that may worsen the injury.
- Ice: Apply cold packs over a towel to the injured area for 15–20 minutes, up to four times daily. Avoid direct skin contact.
- Compression: Use elastic bandages, air casts, or splints to reduce swelling.
- Elevation: Raise the injured area above heart level to help decrease swelling and discomfort.
To help reduce the risk of sports injuries:
- Engage in strength and conditioning exercises
- Progress activity levels gradually
- Use properly fitted protective gear
- Warm up before and cool down after physical activity
- Avoid playing when unwell, tired, or injured
- Stay hydrated and maintain a balanced diet
- Learn and follow safety rules for each sport
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