Contraception prevents pregnancy by interrupting the process of fertilisation or implantation. Methods vary by effectiveness, reversibility, and ease of use.
Types of contraception include:
- Abstinence: Avoiding intercourse—100% effective in preventing pregnancy and STDs.
- Natural methods: Tracking fertility signs to avoid sex during ovulation.
- Barrier methods: Male/female condoms, diaphragms, sponges, and spermicides.
- Hormonal methods: Pills, injections, implants, skin patches, vaginal rings, and hormonal IUDs.
- Copper IUDs: Non-hormonal option that prevents implantation.
- Withdrawal: Removing the penis before ejaculation (less effective).
- Sterilisation: Permanent surgical procedures for men (vasectomy) and women (tubal ligation).
The best method varies by individual. Factors include health status, frequency of intercourse, future pregnancy plans, and risk of STDs.
Most contraceptive methods prevent pregnancy but may not protect against STDs. Speak with your doctor to choose what’s right for you.
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