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Vaccination is the administration of antigenic material (an inactivated germ or part of it) that enhances your immunity against disease. It is one of the most effective ways to prevent infectious illnesses. Vaccines stimulate your immune system, training it to recognise and combat disease. Immunisations can be strengthened with booster doses, helping fight off contagious and potentially fatal diseases.

Vaccines containing dead or inactivated germs trigger the immune system to produce antibodies. These antibodies help protect against future infections. Widespread vaccination reduces disease transmission in the community and can help eradicate illnesses over time.

Common vaccinations include:

  • Hepatitis B Vaccine – Administered in three doses starting at birth to prevent chronic liver disease.
  • Pneumococcal Vaccine – A four-dose series that protects against serious infections like meningitis and pneumonia.
  • DTaP Vaccine – Protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. Given in five doses during childhood, with boosters in adolescence and adulthood.
  • Hib Vaccine – Prevents infections from Haemophilus influenzae type b.
  • IPV (Polio Vaccine) – Four doses protect against poliomyelitis, which can cause paralysis.
  • Influenza Vaccine – Recommended annually for everyone aged 6 months and older.
  • MMR Vaccine – Two doses protect against measles, mumps, and rubella.
  • Varicella Vaccine – Prevents chickenpox, a common viral infection.
  • Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine – Administered to preteens to protect against bacterial meningitis.
  • Hepatitis A Vaccine – Given in two doses to prevent hepatitis A infection.
  • Rotavirus Vaccine – An oral vaccine given to infants to prevent severe diarrhoea.
  • HPV Vaccine – Protects against human papillomavirus and related cancers. Recommended for boys and girls from ages 9 to 18.

Side effects

Mild effects include fever and soreness at the injection site. Serious reactions are rare. Independent practitioners will discuss risks and benefits with you during your appointment.

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